Kryptobörs, plånbok eller börshandlade produkter – hur investerar man bäst i kryptovalutor?

Kryptobörs, plånbok eller börshandlade produkter – hur investerar man bäst i kryptovalutor? | Bitwise
  1. Har kryptovalutor etablerat sig som en tillgångsklass?
  2. Räknas bitcoin, ethereum, solana med flera som direktinvesteringar?
  3. Att köpa kryptovalutor via kryptobörser och marknadsplatser
  4. Att köpa kryptovalutor via värdepapper och derivat
  5. Passiv diversifiering på kryptomarknaden med en enda börshandlad produkt

Kryptovalutor har etablerat sig som en alternativ tillgångsklass i finansvärlden. Investerare kan delta i denna utveckling på olika sätt, till exempel genom att investera direkt i kryptovalutor med en egen plånbok eller via en kryptobörs. Som ett indirekt alternativ kan man använda sig av reglerade börshandlade produkter som Exchanged Traded Products (ETP).

Vilka är fördelarna och nackdelarna med de olika alternativen, och vilka utmaningar och risker måste man som investerare räkna med? Vi reder ut vad som gäller.

Kryptovalutor har etablerat sig som en tillgångsklass

Kryptovalutor har gjort stor comeback under 2023. Värdet på enbart bitcoin har mer än fördubblats på tolv månader, vilket har givit investerare en högre avkastning än i något annat tillgångsslag. Samtidigt har de digitala valutorna etablerat sig i finansvärlden. Börshandlade produkter (ETP:er) för kryptovalutor har funnits i Europa i flera år. De första fonderna (ETF:er) för för bitcoin godkändes i USA i början av 2024. Det innebär att investerare, via de populära investeringsinstrumenten, nu också kan investera i bitcoin och andra kryptovalutor på världens största kapitalmarknad.

Bitcoin är fortfarande den överlägset största kryptovalutan. I januari 2024 hade den ett totalt marknadsvärde på cirka 735 miljarder euro. I dagsläget motsvarar detta på ett ungefär det sammanlagda börsvärdet för de sex största aktierna i DAX. Men värdet på världens äldsta digitala valuta är också flera gånger högre än de nio kryptovalutorna som kommer efter i ordningen. Det finns nu flera tusen olika digitala valutor, men väldigt få av dem har någon riktig relevans.

Idag kan man investera i kryptovalutor på i huvudsak tre sätt: som ett direktköp via en personlig digital plånbok, via en kryptobörs eller indirekt, t.ex. via börshandlade produkter.

Kryptovalutor som direktinvestering

Alla som investerar i kryptovalutor som bitcoin, ethereum eller solana kan göra det på traditionellt sätt genom att göra ett direktköp. Då behöver man ha en egen digital plånbok. Investeraren kan sedan köpa och sälja kryptovaluta via sin plånbok. De digitala valutorna lagras dock inte direkt i dessa "plånböcker". I stället lagras de i en s.k. blockkedja där investerare kan hantera sina innehav via ett lösenord.

I princip kan alla som känner till lagringsplatsen ("offentlig adress") och tillhörande lösenord (" privat nyckel ") kan komma åt innehavet. Denna form av investering har många fördelar, men innebär också en del utmaningar. En fördel är att investeraren kan använda sina digitala mynt eller "tokens" till köp i olika nätbutiker. Metoden erbjuder också viss säkerhet under förutsättning att användaren inte glömmer bort sitt lösenord eller att obehöriga får tag i det.

Investeraren har också "fysisk" besittning av sitt kryptoinnehav. Detta ger bättre kontroll över investeringen jämfört med om kryptovalutan förvaras på en kryptobörs. Den skyddar innehavet från hackerattacker och gör att investeraren undviker risken att drabbas om en marknadsplatsoperatör skulle gå i konkurs.

Men det är viktigt att förstå att om du förlorar åtkomstuppgifterna till din egen plånbok, förlorar du även dess innehåll, dvs. hela din investering. Investerare som vill lagra sina kryptovalutor i en personlig plånbok bör därför ha en viss teknisk förståelse för hur detta fungerar.

Att köpa kryptovalutor via kryptobörser och marknadsplatser

Om du tycker att den tekniska biten är för krånglig och du vill undvika risken att lösenordet kommer på villovägar, kan du använda en av de många handelsplatserna, börserna och mäklarna på Internet som en väg in i kryptovärlden. Allt du som investerare behöver göra är att registrera dig på någon av de många kryptobörserna så får du automatiskt en digital plånbok.

Binance, Coinbase, Crypto.com och Kraken hör för närvarande till de största och mest kända kryptobörserna. Den viktigaste skillnaden: här är det inte längre investeraren själv som har nyckeln till plånboken utan leverantören. Att använda sig av en sådan kryptobörs har många fördelar, bland annat är det smidigt och praktiskt. Investerare kan via dessa kryptomäklare handla kryptovalutan med hjälp av en app på sina mobiltelefoner och därmed reagera snabbt när något händer på marknaden. Dessutom kan krypton föras tillbaka till en personlig digital plånbok. Sist men inte minst är det möjligt att handla på dessa börser dygnet runt, även på söndagar och helgdagar.

Att köpa kryptovalutor via värdepapper och derivat

Ett annat alternativ för den som vill inkludera kryptovaluta i sin investeringsportfölj är att köpa finansiella produkter. En rad olika möjligheter existerar för den som vill dra nytta av utvecklingen för enskilda kryptovalutor eller en korg med valutor, en s.k. "basket".

Det finns kryptoderivat t.ex. CFD:er, terminer och optioner. De har alla gemensamt att de inte investerar i själva kryptovalutan utan bara satsar på hur valutan ska utvecklas framöver – med tillhörande risker.

Investerare kan också köpa börshandlade produkter (ETP:er), vilka kan beskrivas som värdepapper som följer priset på en tillgång, i detta fall kryptovalutor. Dessa fungerar på ett liknande sätt som kryptofonder, med den skillnaden att de enbart investerar i en enda valuta. En market maker är en likviditetsgarant som säkerställer att fonden handlas nära det aktuella priset på den underliggande kryptovalutan. ETC Group Physical Bitcoin – förkortat BTCE – är för närvarande den produkt med högst volym på marknaden.

Passiv diversifiering på kryptomarknaden med en enda börshandlad produkt

De börshandlade produkterna kan jämföras med att investera i börshandlade råvaror som guld. Det är inte svårt att börja handla med börshandlade produkter. Det enda som krävs för att köpa börshandlade produkter är ett värdepapperskonto samt ett clearingkonto hos en bank eller direktmäklare. Börshandlade produkter godkänns av de nationella tillsynsmyndigheterna i EU, till exempel Bafin i Tyskland, och kan enkelt beställas med motsvarande ISIN. Detta sker på samma sätt som när du köper en aktie eller en fond via de reglerade börserna. I Tyskland är detta främst Xetra från Deutsche Börse AG i Frankfurt. De största leverantörerna av sådana kryptoinvesteringar i form av värdepapper är ETC Group, 21Shares, Coinshares, VanEck och WisdomTree.

Med världens första korgprodukt för kryptovalutor som följer ett MSCI-index – ETC Group MSCI Digital Assets Select 20 – är det till och med möjligt att genom en enda börshandlad produkt investera i hela utbudet av kryptovalutor på marknaden.

Important Information

This publication constitutes a marketing communication and is provided for informational purposes only. It does not constitute investment advice, a personal recommendation, or an offer or solicitation to buy or sell any financial instrument.

This document (which may take the form of a presentation, press release, social media post, blog article, broadcast communication or similar instrument – collectively referred to as a “Document”) is issued by Bitwise Europe GmbH (“BEU” or the “Issuer”) and has been prepared in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, including those relating to financial promotions.

Bitwise Europe GmbH, incorporated under the laws of Germany, is the issuer of the Exchange Traded Products (“ETPs”) referenced in this Document under a base prospectus and the applicable final terms, as supplemented from time to time, approved by the German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin). The approval of the prospectus by BaFin relates solely to the completeness, coherence and comprehensibility of the prospectus in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation and does not constitute an endorsement, recommendation or assessment of the merits of the products.

The market analyses, views and scenarios presented reflect the assessment as of the date of publication and are based on information considered reliable. However, no representation or warranty is made as to their accuracy or completeness. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results.

Capital at risk. Cryptoassets are highly volatile and involve a high degree of risk. The value of investments in cryptoassets and crypto-linked ETPs may fluctuate significantly, and investors may lose part or all of their invested capital. No capital protection or guaranteed compensation mechanism applies in respect of market losses.

Any investment decision should be made solely on the basis of the relevant base prospectus, the applicable final terms and the key information document, in particular the section entitled “Risk Warning”. The base prospectus, final terms and additional risk information are available at: www.bitwiseinvestments.eu

Access to certain documents may require self-certification regarding your jurisdiction and investor status and may be subject to additional disclaimers and important information.

For further details, please refer to the full disclaimer available at: www.bitwiseinvestments.eu/disclaimer

About Bitwise

Bitwise is one of the world’s leading crypto specialist asset managers. Thousands of financial advisors, family offices, and institutional investors across the globe have partnered with us to understand and access the opportunities in crypto. Since 2017, Bitwise has established a track record of excellence managing a broad suite of delta-one, index and active solutions across ETPs, ETFs, separately managed accounts, private funds, and hedge fund strategies, spanning both the U.S. and Europe.

Contact

General Inquiries europe@bitwiseinvestments.com
Institutional investors clients@bitwiseinvestments.com
FRAGEN? WIR HELFEN GERN Direkt, kompetent, persönlich.

Frag Jan

Jan Altmann ist ETF-Experte und erfahrener Referent von Online-Seminaren und Präsenzseminaren. Seit 2022 ist Altmann Direktor Investment Strategy von Bitwise im deutschsprachigen Raum, dem führenden Anbieter von in Deutschland aufgelegten Krypto ETPs.

Related articles you may like

Welcome to Bitwise

Select your location

Welcome to Bitwise

Confirm your location to help us deliver the site experience most relevant to you

Welcome to Bitwise

Confirm your location to help us deliver the site experience most relevant to you

Welcome to Bitwise

Confirm your location to help us deliver the site experience most relevant to you

Switch to local website

We noticed you may be accessing this website from a different location than the one currently selected.

  • English
  • Deutsch
  • Italiano
  • Français
  • Svenska
Country
  • English
  • Deutsch
  • Italiano
  • Français
  • Svenska
Country
Important Notice:
The distribution of the information and material on this website may be restricted by law in certain countries. None of the information is directed at, or is intended for distribution to, or use by, any person or entity in any jurisdiction (by virtue of nationality, place of residence, domicile or registered office) where publication, distribution or use of such information would be contrary to local law or regulation.
Important Notice:
You are about to access the Bitwise Asset Management website. Based on your location, clicking 'Proceed to US website' below will redirect you to the US-specific website.
Important Information – Please Read Before Proceeding

This website is operated by Bitwise Europe GmbH (“Bitwise”, “we”, “us”). The information on this website is intended for UK retail clients and other visitors in the United Kingdom. If you are not in the UK, local laws and rules may differ and the materials here may not be appropriate for you.

All content is provided for general information only. It does not constitute investment advice, tax or legal advice, an offer, or a solicitation to buy or sell any investment and must not be relied upon to make an investment decision. You should consider whether an investment is suitable for your circumstances and, where appropriate, seek independent professional advice.

Cryptoassets and crypto-linked products are high-risk. The FCA categorises retail crypto promotions as Restricted Mass Market Investments (RMMI). As such, additional prominence, risk-warning and risk-summary requirements apply to retail communications. You could lose all the money you invest.

Investments in cryptoassets or many crypto-linked products are generally not covered by the UK Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS) or the Financial Ombudsman Service (FOS). You should not expect to be protected if something goes wrong.

Access to certain pages, features, or transactions may be subject to client categorisation and appropriateness assessments required by FCA rules. We may ask you to complete checks or declarations before you can proceed.

Where this website contains a retail financial promotion for crypto or other RMMIs, you will see the FCA-prescribed risk warning and a link (“Take 2 mins to learn more”) to the FCA risk summary presented in a pop-up or dedicated page. For convenience, you can access that summary here at any time.

Where performance is shown, past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results. Any projections, targets, or forward-looking statements are inherently uncertain and may not be realised. Fees and expenses reduce returns.

Returns may be reduced by fees, charges, spreads, and taxes. Tax treatment depends on individual circumstances and may change. Seek professional advice if unsure.

Where a prospectus (including any base or supplemental prospectus) or KID/PRIIPs KIID or equivalent is provided, it is regulatory disclosure, not marketing. Those documents are generally outside the UK financial-promotion restriction.

In line with FCA rules for high-risk investments, we do not offer incentives to invest (e.g., refer-a-friend bonuses, monetary/non-monetary perks) in relation to retail crypto promotions.

External links are provided for convenience only. We do not control and are not responsible for third-party websites or their content. We take reasonable care to ensure accuracy but do not guarantee completeness, timeliness, or availability of the website or its contents; information may change without notice.

Our products or services may not be available in all jurisdictions or to all investors. Access may be restricted by law. You are responsible for understanding and complying with applicable laws and regulations.

For queries or complaints, contact: clients@bitwiseinvestments.com | Additional contact and legal information is available in our Terms of Website Use and Privacy Policy.

Copyright & trademarks © 2025 Bitwise. All rights reserved. Product names, logos and brands are property of their respective owners

The selected location is intended only for people resident in that country. If you are accessing from the UK, you should not use this version of the website or access the products and services shown here, as they are not available in your country and may not be suitable for you.

We recommend switching to your local version of our website to view information relevant to your jurisdiction.

Avis Important

Les produits d’investissement domiciliés en Europe et présentés sur ce site sont des Exchange Traded Commodities (« ETC »), instruments financiers considérés comme des titres de créances complexes par l'Autorité des Marchés Financiers, présentant des risques difficilement compréhensibles par le grand public. À ce titre, leur distribution en France répond à des règles spécifiques. Il relève de la responsabilité des intermédiaires et investisseurs professionnels souhaitant offrir des ETCs à leurs clients de s'assurer que leur distribution auxdits clients est réalisée dans le respect de la réglementation française.

Important Information

The information provided in this advertising material is for informative purposes only and does not constitute investment advice, a recommendation or solicitation to conclude a transaction.

This website and all documentation and other information provided on or via it (all together this “website”) is issued by Bitwise Europe GmbH (“BEU” or the “Issuer”). This website is provided for illustrative, educational and information purposes only and may be subject to change.

Where this website constitutes an advertisement within the meaning of Article 22 of Regulation (EU) 2017/1129, as amended (the “Prospectus Regulation”) or Regulation 3 of the Public Offers and Admissions to Trading Regulations 2024, and the relevant offer or admission to trading is subject to an obligation to draw up a prospectus, the applicable prospectus has been or will be published and is or will be available in the Resources section of the Bitwise Europe website at bitwiseinvestments.eu/resources/.

Bitwise Europe GmbH, Thurn- und Taxis-Platz 6, 60313 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, registered with the commercial register of the local court of Frankfurt am Main under HRB 116604, is the issuer of Exchange Traded Products (“ETPs”) described in this website under an applicable base prospectus approved by BaFin, or, where applicable, another competent authority, as supplemented from time to time, and the applicable final terms. Final terms are published and filed with the relevant competent authority in accordance with applicable law and are not subject to approval. The relevant product documentation identifies the competent authority that approved the applicable prospectus.

Approval of a prospectus means that the competent authority has scrutinised it against the applicable standards of completeness, comprehensibility and consistency, and it does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation of the Issuer or the ETPs. If you are considering investing in products issued by BEU you should check with your broker or bank that such products are available in your jurisdiction and suitable for your investment profile. A decision to invest any amount in an ETP offered by BEU should take into consideration your specific circumstances after seeking independent investment, tax and legal advice.

You should read the relevant base prospectus, any supplements and the applicable final terms before investing and, in particular, the section entitled “Risk Factors” for further details of the risks associated with an investment. Where required, you should also read the key information document under Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 (PRIIPs), the product summary under the Consumer Composite Investments (Designated Activities) Regulations 2024 or the equivalent product disclosure applicable in your jurisdiction. The prospectuses, supplements, final terms, key information documents and other regulatory documents relevant to BEU’s ETPs are available electronically and free of charge in the “Resources” section of the Bitwise Europe website at bitwiseinvestments.eu/resources/.

Access to those documents is not conditional on completion of a registration process, on any country or investor-type selection, on acceptance of the Terms of Website Use or of any disclaimer limiting legal liability, or on payment of a fee, in accordance with Article 21(4) of the Prospectus Regulation or the FCA Handbook, Prospectus Rules. Warnings specifying the jurisdictions in which an offer or an admission to trading is being made may be displayed in connection with certain content and are not disclaimers limiting legal liability.

Any country or investor-type selection used on this website determines which marketing content may be displayed. It does not itself constitute a formal regulatory client classification, an assessment of appropriateness or suitability, confirmation of legal eligibility to invest, or investment advice.

If You Are in the UK, US, or Canada

Information contained in this website does not constitute, and under no circumstances is to be construed as, an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy securities, or any other step in furtherance of a public offering, in the United States or Canada, or any state, province or territory thereof, where neither the Issuer nor its products are authorised or registered for distribution or sale and where no prospectus of the Issuer has been filed with any securities regulator. Neither this website nor information in it should be taken, transmitted or distributed (directly or indirectly) into the United States.

In the UK, this website is provided for information purposes only, and is in any event provided in accordance with the exemption to the requirement, set out under section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, that communications relating to invitations or inducements to engage in investment activity be approved by a person authorized by the Financial Conduct Authority. As such, this website is directed only at persons who fall within a relevant exemption to the restriction on financial promotions as set out in the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, such as investment professionals (Article 19); high net worth individuals (Article 48); high net worth companies, unincorporated associations etc. (Article 49); sophisticated investors (Article 50); self-certified sophisticated investors (Article 50A); and associations of high net worth or sophisticated investors (Article 51). Persons who do not fall within a relevant exemption should not access, or otherwise rely or act on this website, rather they should instead proceed to the Private Investor version of the website.  Neither the Issuer nor its products are authorised or regulated by the UK Financial Conduct Authority, and the content of this website has not been approved by an authorized person within the meaning of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.

Publications & Social Media Disclosure

Social media communications, including posts on LinkedIn and X, (all together “Social Media”) may constitute advertisements, financial promotions, investment recommendations within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 596/2014, the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 or other regulated communications depending on their content and the jurisdiction in which they are communicated. Unless expressly stated otherwise, they are not intended to constitute investment advice or a personal recommendation.

BEU makes all reasonable efforts to ensure that the information contained in documents and on Social Media is accurate and reliable; however, errors may occur. To the extent permitted by applicable law, documents and materials available on Social Media are provided without any express or implied warranties as to accuracy, validity, timeliness or completeness. Nothing in this paragraph excludes or limits any statutory or regulatory responsibility or liability that cannot lawfully be excluded or limited, including obligations applicable to advertisements or financial promotions and liability relating to a prospectus or other regulatory disclosure.

Unless expressly endorsed or adopted by Bitwise Europe, comments expressed by members of the online community represent those persons’ own views and are not endorsed by Bitwise Europe.

Risks of ETPs & Cryptocurrencies

An investment in an ETP backed by one or more cryptocurrencies, such as those issued by BEU, is dependent on the performance of the underlying cryptocurrency, less costs, but it is not expected to match the performance of the underlying asset precisely. Investing in ETPs also involves numerous risks including general market risks relating to underlying, adverse price movements, currency, liquidity, operational, legal and regulatory risks and investors should be prepared to lose some or all of the amount invested.

ETPs backed by cryptocurrencies are highly volatile assets and performance is unpredictable. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future performance. The market price of ETPs will vary and they do not offer a fixed income. The value of any ETP may be affected by exchange rates and the price movement of its underlying cryptocurrency(ies). This website may contain forward looking statements including statements regarding Bitwise Europe’s belief or current expectations with regards to the performance of certain asset classes. Forward looking statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and there can be no assurance that such statements will be accurate and actual results could differ materially from those indicated. You must not place reliance on forward-looking statements or any other similar information contained in this website.

Cryptocurrencies are highly volatile and are known for their extreme and rapid fluctuations in prices. While there may be potential for significant gains, you are at risk of losing part or all of your entire capital invested. The price of cryptocurrencies can fluctuate widely and, for example, may be impacted by global and regional political, economic or financial events, regulatory events or statements by regulators, investment trading, hedging or other activities by a wide range of market participants, forks in underlying protocols, disruptions to the infrastructure or means by which crypto assets are produced, distributed, stored and traded. Characteristics of cryptocurrencies and divergence of applicable regulatory standards create the potential for market abuse. The price of cryptocurrencies may also change due to shifting investor confidence in future outlook of the asset class.

For a detailed overview of risks associated with cryptocurrencies and specifically associated with BEU’s products, please refer to the prospectus and final terms, which are available in the “Resources” section of the Bitwise Europe website at bitwiseinvestments.eu/resources/. You should only invest if you are capable of understanding and evaluating the risks involved. If you are in doubt as to whether an investment is appropriate for you, you should consult an authorised person who specialises in advising on investments including crypto-backed ETPs.

Avis Important

Les produits présentés sur ce site internet ne sont ni destinés à être distribués, ni accessibles aux investisseurs non-professionnels résidant en France. Toute information figurant sur ce site est fournie à titre informatif uniquement. Pour toute information complémentaire, veuillez contacter votre conseiller financier ou votre intermédiaire habituel.